First Principles

What it is

First Principles Thinking is a problem-solving method where you strip away assumptions and reduce a problem to its fundamental truths. Instead of copying how others solve it, you rebuild from the ground up.

When to use it

You feel stuck in old playbooks or default solutions. Your team keeps debating opinions instead of data. You sense hidden assumptions are blocking progress.

How to apply (3 to 4 steps)

1. Write down the problem as you currently see it. 2. List all assumptions and beliefs tied to it. 3. Ask 'Is this always true?' and cross out anything that isn't. 4. Rebuild your approach using only what remains undeniable.

Try it now (Micro task)

Take one problem you've been recycling for weeks. Write down every assumption. Cross out 3. Rebuild one new solution starting only from what's true.

Founder story

"We assumed we needed a sales team of 10. When we stripped it back, the core truth was 'customers want to try before buying.' We built a self-serve demo and closed more deals with 3 reps."

Why it works (Evidence)

Removing inherited assumptions reveals leaner and faster options.

Related models

• Type 1 vs Type 2 Decisions: Distinguish high-stakes vs low-stakes
• Eisenhower Matrix: Sort urgent vs important tasks
• Minimum Viable Operations: Streamline to core essentials